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Reflections in the light of the work done on my blog

After analyzing the features of non-human animals, I can say without a shadow of doubt that they have a

1. Syntax (genetically created to fit all ' their surroundings) and
2. semantics (meanings to the detriment of their actions).

So what we call instinct is not merely an attempt to draw out, through trial and observation, those skills already predetermined by nature, but must be extrapolated in some way. So they have a "Mind".

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Cognitive Function:

Here's a video showing how an animal changes its behavior in the presence of external stimuli (cognitive function).

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video presentation of my blog

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Cognitive Function: Vervets

speak of cognitive functions of language, as a means to deal with the behavior change - internal and external - of an animal as a result the fact that they have a language. In particular interest here to determine how, and to some extent, change the way you think of an animal that is able to interact semiotically with fellow human beings: so this means, it should be noted immediately that we assume that there is no structured thinking language (cf. . In this regard, the various essays in Gambarara , 1996). We once again the example of vervets: when one of these monkeys experience a danger, his mind is likely to have a place double operation: the object perceived image formation and activation of the signal that is associated with ( Parisi, 1991; Cangelosi, Parisi , 1996). E 'likely to double categorization of hazard perception and semiotics, the vervet allows you to choose as quickly as the correct response strategy: the monkey sees the leopard, and at the same issue - anyone who wants to warn Hazard - a sign that refers to the class of predators with legs (the class instead of the predators without legs, snakes are). In this way the vervet not only warns of the danger their own kind, but also himself to do the same thing. The idea that we are arguing is that the vervet, in these situations, use the language as a tool not only referential but also as a tool Autocon . One of the ways in which occurs cognitive function of language is thus to Autocon , how to guide "out loud" one's behavior ( Luria, 1961). The have a mind of semiotics expands the potential of an animal behavior, opening up the possibility of self-control, although paradoxically this can happen - as we have just done in the reconstruction of vervets-so entirely voluntary.

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aesthetic function: the albatross of the Galapagos

In Jakobson's model of the aesthetic use of language is one in which the message is mainly concentrated on the meaning, its form rather than content. meaning that this function acts on his own, suggesting, in the mind of the user of the signal, image associations largely independent of the actual content represented by the message itself. From an evolutionary view of the aesthetic use of a language is later than most other functions in the strong adaptive value, as the referential and conative. Some of the clearest examples of signs of beauty, in the languages \u200b\u200bof non-human animals are those of the developed systems for courtship present in many species of birds. Galapagos albatrosses (Diomedea irrorata) , for example, during courtship, performing long and complex movements in which they appear, more or less simplified comportamentalitratte sequences from the normal repertoire of this bird begging for food, gestures of appeasement, cleansing the body, etc..

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metalinguistic function

Watch this video in the game of the dog with his master's in effect what is a metalinguistic function!

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metalinguistic function: Examples include dogs

a sign that refers to another signal is called Metasegnale. For example, when under a road sign that warns of the presence of a series of tight turns is another sign reading "2 miles", the latter refers to the first signal, alerting the recipient of the message that a number of curve takes a couple of miles. Human language the metalinguistic function is particularly used in both the everyday speech is specifically metalinguistic contexts, such as a grammar book (a book, and then a set of words that speak of other words). In languages \u200b\u200bof non-human animals such signals is very rare, and seems confined only to the contexts of play. In these situations the actions that are often used during the game take a different value:

"such as when my dog \u200b\u200bterrier bites my hand to play, often snarling at the same time, if it holds and I tell-piano, piano, continues to bite, but he answers with a quick wag their tails which seems to mean do not take it, it's just a game. " (Darwin, 1872 trad.1882, p. 164) The use of Metasegnale by the consignor at one level implies the ability to control what you're doing and, to a higher level, that means that the first level: that of the terrier is Darwin a Metasegnale, which alerts the recipient, Darwin, which is engaged in actions in reality are framed in another context that is to a game. (Bateson, 1995; Allen, Bekoff, 1997, section 6)

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In effect communication between

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Pets Dogs speak ... anticipation of the expressive function

Now I propose another video curious about language and expressive function of dogs!

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expressive function: The Peacock

The animal world is not populated by individuals all the same, but each is composed of individuals recognized as such an appearance, with a smell, a certain way to move, a specific expressive tone.

common behavior depends not only on what you want to express, but also who is the recipient of the message.

AN EXAMPLE ... THE PEACOCK

Originally, this great bird, lived near the rivers in the West Indies and Sri Lanka.

Today it is widely used in parks and public gardens and private.

males during the mating erect the vertical tail to show the hypothetical mates all the beauty and elegance.

The peacock emits a high pitched whistle, especially in captivity.

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communication between cats

The video that I propose is a curious dialogue between two cats!

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phatic function in cats

Function Fatigue collects all uses of the language in which it is used to establish and strengthen ties within the group of animals. In this case, the language allows to coordinate the activities of several animals, to establish roles within the social hierarchies of inter- settle conflicts in a nonviolent way, to find and recognize the sexual partner. In this sense phatic uses of language are more than a vehicle for the transfer of information, to behave a certain way: the signals are not for external content, as they are a way to do something to others and with others . Now I propose that the communication is Fatigue Place in Cats: The organization and function of the entire territory is ensured by precise communication signals, which is territorial: the vocalizations, visual signals (postures, scratches, markings urinary) and olfactory (the identification signals and alarm - pheromones perceived by the olfactory mucosa that cover the vomeronasal organ of Jakobson -) allow the cat to "navigate" in the environment and at the same time are the means of communication with conspecifics and, according to some authors, even with humans. For a kitten is properly socialized with conspecifics must come into contact with cats at least until the fifth to seventh week of life, and this process implies an ethical approach to communication. According to Turner intraspecific socialization is achieved more easily when the kitten came from a litter of at least four children, left with the brothers until the age of twelve weeks, and if, this time, is frequently in contact with cats adults. The domestic cat is using a wide range of sounds than other carnivores: according to JW Bradshaw this animal is capable of emitting less than eleven types of messages different vocal accompanying especially the behavior of territorial aggression and sexual behavior. Until a few years ago it was thought that these signals were the result of domestication and, therefore, directed mainly towards the man. Later on, several authors have found that the vocals have a great importance within the social groups which are the only conspecifics.

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Talking about the language of whales .. .

We've got to learn the special skills and intellectual communication of dolphins ... we see now as other cetaceans have very similar qualities, which allow them to communicate among themselves and with humans. Look at the results achieved this nice white whale ...

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Videos language in dolphins

This video explains the mysterious language of dolphins: Watch it is very interesting!

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conative function: using signals changes behavior recipient

Using the signals acting on the animal world, including also the recipients of signals (F. conative). Ethology has traditionally privileged this feature, considering it the only one present in the languages \u200b\u200bof non-human animals.

dolphins An example:

Of particular interest is the world made of acoustic echoes, allowing the dolphins to perceive not only the distance but also the shape, size, thickness of objects or other living things he meets on his journey. These mammals have a rich "vocabulary" as well as whistling, grunting and screaming, they can emit a wide range of sounds audible to us humans, as well as emit ultrasonic frequencies too high for our limited bodies aids. A group of researchers of the National Research Council (CNR) has recently tested these animals in the coexistence of two types different language, one for "play" and the other to "communicate" with the group. Dolphins talk, but with their group using a "dialect" special, which develops over time and becomes a vehicle for the recognition between individuals of the same community. "Dolphins - says Massimo Azzali CNR - communicate using two languages, or audible signals: the sounds (frequency 20kHz), these signals of vocalizations, and ultrasound (frequency between 20 and 200 kHz), these signals sonar or echolocation." The two vocalizations are very different: the former are innate and are produced at a specific event: in general reflect the reaction "emotional" to an external stimulus of the dolphin. In courtship, when they're afraid, when they get mad when they are stressed and in many occasions, these super-intelligent mammals emit frequencies from 20kHz. As cries of spontaneous and immediate visible at all difficult to be issued and to be understood. The sonar signals from 20 to 200 kHz but are more difficult to learn and understand. "The sharing of perceptions / evocations arising from sonar signals - continues Azzali - you learn over time and require that the community has formed a common language, sonar, or a wireless sound-acoustic images that applies to the entire community." Yes can therefore be assumed that the language of a group sonar requires a long learning period by its junior members because it contains many elements typical of an exclusive community. And that is why the dolphins have to live a long learning period before forming a group with whom to share the language. A slow and complicated training to enable them to move in the jungle of the sonar signals of other group members to learn to listen and speak the same language. Only after this long learning process created strong social bonds. "With the reports echo-images - make Azzali - valid for all members of the community, social relationships are born. From our studies show that different groups use the language of the echoes in different ways. " In any case, using echolocation dolphins are able to communicate with each other by name. But when you start learning? According to the researcher of the CNR's pet dolphin begins to learn the language even sonar from the maternal womb "because it sounds almost the same way they propagate into the ocean and the mother's body." The learning continues from birth to four years and then only by the mother and then through the rest of the group. One last question: Dolphins sleep floating on the surface and one-half of their brain remains intent on ensuring.